Friday, February 3, 2012

What happens when a star's fusion cycle get to the element iron?

What happens to a star when the fusion cycle gets to the element iron?What happens when a star's fusion cycle get to the element iron?"This is the point when the star begins to die".

Sorry, I just found this statment rather ironic. I'm not questioning anyone's obvious knowledge of this subject, but at that point the core collapses in less than a second and dies instantly. It releases 100 times the energy in 10 seconds that our sun will in its 10 billion year life span from an area only 20 miles across. But it's basically true: the star can no longer maintain equilibrium between gravitational collapse and thermal expansion because fusion no longer provides energy by the time iron is reached.

Stars fuse hydrogen into helium. When that runs out it fuses helium into carbon. Then carbon into oxygen. And so on to neon, silicon, and finally iron. In each stage of fusion, the energy release is less per mass and the core becomes denser requiring greater amounts of fusion. So each stage burns faster and hotter. Hydrogen takes maybe a billion years in high mass stars. Helium a few million. Carbon a few thosand. Etc. Silicon fusion takes about two weeks, and the core is so dense that its already verging on a state of neutron degeneracy. When the silicon runs out, the core slams shut like a book. It hits the density of an atomic nucleus, reaching a temperature of 100 billion degrees or more. It rebounds like hitting a brick wall, sending a shockwave through the rest of the star, and releasing a flood of thermal energy.

Most of the energy is in the form of neutrinos, however, which normally pass through matter like ghost particles, but not the core of a supernova. It actually encounters so much dense material that it aids in the explosion of the star. The neutrinos actually account for about 30,000 times the supernova's energy release as other forms, and although a hundred trillion of them are flying through your body every second right now, you be fried to death by the neutrino emissions from a supernova within a few light years of it.

Computer models have shown that as the core rebounds, the outer core is still collapsing. When the two collide, there is another release of energy, but also causes the core to settle where it otherwise might have exploded completely. The outer layers of the star explode, however, at about 10,000 kilometers per second. The spallation and recombination effects produce new elements and very unstable heavy elements as well. The radioactive decay of them produces the afterglow that can be seen for days after a supernova. All of this was observed in the supernova that occured in the LMC in 1997.What happens when a star's fusion cycle get to the element iron?the fusion of iron, unlike all previous elements, produces a net energy loss. this lack of energy coming from the core causes the star to collapse in on itself because there is no outflow counteracting its gravity. the star collapses causing its core to heat up massively. the huge increase in temperature restarts the fusion reaction and the outpouring of energy from the core blasts the outer shell of the star into space in a nova.What happens when a star's fusion cycle get to the element iron?This is the point when the star begins to die because the core becomes very heavy from developing heavier elements such as iron. After inflating into a red giant or larger the core collapses while the outer layers are expelled. If a star is able to produce iron (most stars cant) it usually dies in a supernova and can even leave behind a black hole, if massive enough.What happens when a star's fusion cycle get to the element iron?
It will continue to break down till it's lead, the base element. That's the final stage of the star.

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